Heath Rose

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ASPECTS OF WRITTEN LANGUAGE

Course Outline

Course instructor information:

Dr. Heath Rose
School of Linguistic, Speech and Communication Sciences
Office: Room 3040, Arts Building, Trinity College Dublin
Email: heath.rose@tcd.ie
Phone: 896-

Acknowledgements: Dr. Breffni O'Rourke of TCD taught this course in the years proceeding 2012. I am grateful to Dr. O'Rourke for passing along all of his notes, slides, and readings on which this course is largely based.

Course information:

Course codes: LI2307 & LI237A
TSM, CSLL, BDS linguistic study option
Michaelmas term only - 12 weeks (week 7 is a study week)
Monday 4-5pm, Arts Building room 5039
Thursday 9-10am, Arts Building room 5025
Classes start on the hour and finish at 10 to the hour

Course overview

The aim of this course is to introduce students to a range of perspectives – historical, social, linguistic, discourse-analytic, and cognitive – on a pervasive and hugely important linguistic phenomenon that is often taken for granted by literate people in literate societies: written language.

The course comprises two one-hour sessions each week during Michaelmas term. Weeks 1 to 5 deal with historical and linguistic issues around the development of writing systems, the advent of printing, and the transformative effects of writing and printing on societies and, perhaps, minds. Weeks 6 to 10 draw on discourse analysis and cognitive psychology to examine how written language succeeds, and occasionally fails, to communicate meaning to readers; and in week 11 we will look at how written language is used in communication technologies. In week 12 we will try to draw these threads together in a course summary.

The course will be taught through a combination of lectures, workshop activities, and recommended weekly readings.

Learning outcomes

On successful completion of this module, students should be able to…

  • Explain the key steps in the historical emergence of writing
  • Explain, with examples, how each of the major writing systems represents language structure
  • Discuss the social, cognitive and linguistic significance of writing itself and of the printing press
  • Analyse written texts for structures and devices of cohesion and coherence
  • Explain the role of reader knowledge in interpreting written text
  • Explain the linguistic differences between spoken and written language
  • Discuss the nature of written language as used in several communication technologies

Readings

Material for the course is based on various readings, rather than on a single textbook. The required reading for each topic forms the main source for the lecture in some cases, and provides an overview of the topic in others. Students will be expected to read the required text by the Thursday class of the relevant week.

Although all readings are available through the library, it is always possible that they may be in use by other library users when you look for them; in that case, please notify the lecturer in good time, who may be able to provide a copy.

For each topic, there is also a list of other titles. These may be may be alternative readings, in the sense that they cover much the same ground as the required reading; or they may be additional readings, in that (a) they provide different perspectives on the topic, or (b) they are important contributions to the topic that are mentioned in the lecture. Students are not required to read these, but they may find them useful for further study on topics that interest them particularly. They will also provide useful starting points for assignments.

Course Syllabus

WEEK 1 (23 & 26 September)

a. Course introduction

b. An overview of writing

Required reading: Connor-Linton, Chapter 12

Additional / alternative references: Fasold & Connor-Linton, 2006, chapter 2; Man, 2000, Fromkin, Rodman, & Hyams, 2003; Sampson, 1985; Sproat, 2010, chapter 1.

WEEK 2 (30 September & 3 October)

a. A history of writing: From hieroglyphics to the alphabet

b. Deciphering ancient scripts


Required reading: Schmandt-Besserat & Erard, 2008

Additional / alternative references: Sproat, 2010, chapter 4; Fromkin, et al., 2003, chapter 12; Sproat, 2010, chapter 2, pp. 52-58.

WEEK 3 (7 & 10 October)

a. World writing systems

b. Writing system case study: The Japanese writing system

Required reading: Fromkin, et al., 2003, chapter 12

Additional / alternative references: Coulmas, 1989, 2002; Rogers, 2005; Sproat, 2010, chapter 3

WEEK 4 (14 & 17 October)

a. Sign-writing (Guest lecturer: Pat Matthews)

b. Sign-writing (Guest lecturer: Pat Matthews)

Required reading: Connor-Linton, Chapter 12

Additional / alternative references: Eisenstein, 2005; Cook, 2004, pp. 162-177; Salmon, 1999; J. J. Smith, 2006; Walker, 2001, Sproat, 2010, chapter 4, Singh, 1999, chapter 5; Chadwick 1990.

WEEK 5 (21 & 24 October)

a. The printing revolution

b. The English spelling system (Guest Lecture by Des Ryan) 

Required reading: On website

Additional / alternative references: Eisenstein, 2005; Cook, 2004, pp. 162-177; Salmon, 1999; J. J. Smith, 2006; Walker, 2001, Ong, 1982, chapter 5; Febvre & Martin, 1976, chapter 8, section 4    

WEEK 6 (Thursday 31 October only; Monday is the October Bank Holiday)

b. Writing system case study: The roman alphabet

Required reading: TBD

WEEK 7 (4 & 7 November)

Study week -- no classes

WEEK 8 (11 & 14 November)

a. Presentations on world writing systems

b. Presentations on world writing systems

WEEK 9 (18 & 21 November)

The process of reading: decoding linguistic form, inferring meaning

Required reading: Greene, 1986, part 1, sections 3 and 4

Additional / alternative references: Schank & Abelson, 1977

WEEK 10 (25 November & 28 November)

a. Comparing the language of speech and writing 1


b. Comparing the language of speech and writing 2

Required reading: Biber & Vásquez, 2008

Additional / alternative references: Biber, 1986; Chafe, 1985, 1986, 1992; Cook, 2004, chapter 2; McCarthy, 1993; Tannen, 1982a, 1982b, 1985

WEEK 11 (2 & 5 December)

Writing and new communication technologies

Required reading: Herring, 2001

Additional / alternative references: Bauer, Holmes, & Warren, 2006, chapter 11; Crystal, 2001, chapter 5; Hutchby, 2001, chapter 8; O'Rourke, 2008; B. Smith, Alvarez-Torres, & Zhao, 2003; Yates, 1996

WEEK 12 (9 & 12 December)

Course review and discussion of assignments

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